A lead-acid battery charger circuit is most popular though it will very large size than others battery type. But them have advantage are : cheap, easy to buy and long life if correctly uses.
The charging is best importance.
When I had 10 year old ago. My father bought it to me in first time of my life. In 6volts size for that era motorcycle.
When power outage will charge at shop near the house. Which is quick charger with high current. While charging will Air bubbles inside the battery and high temperature. Which technician tell me no problem it high power.
But can be application 2-3 time only it is failed.
Which as usually this battery type if correctly charges wil can use for 4-5 years
Battery do not like hot!
At all time do not use or store them in too heat area. OR If while use may short circuit or high current use them will too hot.
An importance while charging do not quick charge with high current and high voltage.
1. Simple Automatic battery charger circuit
Principle working
This is an automatic battery charger circuit, Which normally producer will tell at battery as follows:
Must charge with DC voltage only.
And neat voltage level not should more than 15-volts or 1.5 times of a battery voltage.
Most importance should use charger current 10 % of battery current for example 2.5Ah size use time for 10-12 hour.
In my site we suggest many battery charger circuit. You will love it, because use simple circuit,cheap so easy to build.
simple aciti battery charger which I use idea from…
First of all, I think “When…Charge? And When stop?”
Normally we should charge battery when voltage lower than 12.4 volts and voltage maximum of most battery is 14.4volts but someone guru tell me voltage saving of 13.8 or 13-volts approximately.
Secondly,Thus we need to use comparator circuit which in first times I often use IC-op-amp such as LM339,LM311,LM324,LM301 but sometimes we cannot buy them. And This our working is simple stye only.
When begin we learn basic principle of electronic parts, I like use Diode, Zener diode, which they are both valves for electrical currents. The Current will flow one way. But the zener diode is connected backwards. It then blocks current until the voltage exceeds a certain level.
I try to test them with the zener diode 12-volts the current will flow through it when voltage higher than 12V.
Therefore I use Zener diode for detects voltage over than 13V to control stop charger system.
Then, I use relay to control current to a battery. Because cheap and used easily.
Next, I use a SCR for uses as quick control switch.
As Figure 1 is perfect circuit diagram.
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You can watch video below I test it. This projects will always cut off battery when voltage drop across it is 13.6V up. Then LED2 (yellow) glow brightly. While relay will pulls out from contact NC-C. Which no current to battery and voltage lower down.
Then you can charge again with pressing SW2 to reset, recharge them again.
Though This projects will easy technology but very useful for all.
Importance it cheaper! I love it.
2. Automatic OFF 12V Battery Charger by power SCR
This stop current give battery, when Voltage of battery tall arrive at the level that load with full speed already ahead for protect something charger too much poor distilled dry water. This circuit can is usable very wide can use with battery many model. By choose diode and SCR at can durable the trend loads topmost follow to want. Fining decorates while initial lead battery at charger until with full speed ahead already come to build reach at a pole for charger. Fine R1 – 500Ohm until Amp Meter begin be down be O as a result fully be usable already.Auto dry battery charger using SCR
This projects is automatic dry battery charger that can use for many size such as 6V, 9V and 12V Depending on the changes, some devices only.
How this circuit works
As circuit below. To begin with an AC220V will flow to a transformer to transform to 15 volts, then flow to bridge diode to rectifier AC to DC is 15V. The LED1 is power indicator of the circuit.
Beginning SCR1 is working, because the 15V flow to R3, to limit the current to decrease, and flow through to diode D5 to To prevent the reverse voltage, Before bias to lead G of SCR1.
While SCR1 conduct, to make the 15V flow from lead K will feed to the positive battery terminal. Ideally SCR1 will conduct current and stop current alternately very fast with frequency of 100 Hz.
Since the 15V voltage from the bridge diode is full wave rectifier so output frequency of 50+50 Hz. The feature of current will be continuous positive half sine wave.
Which will differ with the voltage from capacitor filter that is smooth as a straight line. So will see that SCR1 do not conduct current all time. When have positive voltage to bias at lead G. Since waveform of voltage Not smooth enough in a straight line.
Theoretical of SCR, it will stop conducting current when disconnect the power supply output. Which in this circuit is do not have positive side of the power supply range. And when have positive voltage waveform new SCR1, it starts to currents again, this was reversed with a frequency 100 Hz.
Battery level monitoring
This circuit will get voltage from the battery positive through R2 to reduce current, and have C1 to filter current to smoothly. Then will flow through VR1 to divide voltage to feed to a zener diode ZD1 before send to bias lead G of SCR2.
A adjust level of VR1 will must make in full battery, adjust VR1 until voltage at negative of ZD1 have level more than 6.8V or about 7.3V.
Which will cause ZD1 to saturation voltage collapse flow through to ZD1 to feed lead G of SCR2, cause SCR2 conducting current by R4 is helper to SCR2 extraordinary stable work. When SCR2 work will cause negative voltage flow to lead K to A result to LED2 glow. And the same time SCR1 will stop conducting current.
Since lead G of SCR1 get negative voltage from SCR2 there. In the case of battery is lower voltage, cause voltage at negative of ZD1 have lower than 6.8V, makes lead G of SCR2 not get positive voltage but can get only negative voltage through R4 result SCR2 don’t conduct current.
The parts list
Resistors ½W 5%
R1, R5_____________2K
R2_____________1.5K
R3_____________560 ohm
R4_____________10K
VR1_____________10K Potentiometer
C1_____________100uF 25V Electrolytic capacitor
SCR1_____________2N6397____SCR
SCR2_____________EC103___SCR
ZD1_____________6.8V 1W
D1-D4_____________1N5404___Diode
D5_____________1N4002___Diode
LED1, LED2________5M LED as you want
PCB,and other, etc.
How to make and setting
After preparation equipment is ready, then we soldered it successfully on PCB as Figure , next checked again. For example The device has a positive – negative. Are they correct polarity?
